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Radiosonde, Transistor Type #R6864
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Radiosonde, Transistor Type #R6864
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Description
Rating
Title
Radiosonde
,
Transistor
Type
#R6864
Inventors(s)
Dunmore
,
F.
;
Diamond
,
H
. ;
Hinman
,
W
.
Institution
National
Institute
of
Standards
and
Technology
Creation Date
1959
Description
Practical
systems
for the
study
of
upper-air
phenomena
by
small
radio-equipped
sounding
balloons
were
first
examined
at the
National
Bureau
of
Standards
for the
Weather
Bureau
. A
design
using
the
Olland
principle
and a
5-meter
transmitter
was
proposed
in
1935
and
later
improved
by
using
a
light-weight
constant-speed
DC
motor
to
drive
a
rotating
contact
. In
each
revolution
,
contact
was
made
successively
with
three
double-pronged
arms
whose
angular
positions
were
altered
proportionally
to
temperature
,
humidity
, and
pressure
by
appropriate
sensing
elements
. The
radiosonde
exhibited
by
artifact
1998.0167.001
is
an
experimental
model
of
such
a
radio
meteorograph
recovered
after
flight
.
Beginning
in
1936
,
another
design
was
developed
for the
Navy
Department
. This
used
an
ultrahigh
transmission
frequency
(65
megahertz
,
later
403
megahertz)
and a
voltage-controlled
negative
transductance
circuit
in
which
the
modulation
frequency
(20
to
200
hertz)
was
inversely
proportional
to the
grid-circuit
resistance
. A
barometric
diaphragm
capsule
responding
to
pressure
at
ascension
rates
of
200
to
300
meters
per
minute
drove
a
contactor
across
a
switching
element
consisting
of
80
metallic
strips
separated
by
insulating
strips
. A
reference
resistor
,
switched
in at
every
fifth
contact
,
served
as an
index
mark
on this
pressure
scale
.
Resistance
changes
corresponding
to
temperature
were
provided
by a
capillary
electrolytic
thermometer
,
while
humidity
was
measured
by
changes
in
resistance
of a
film
of
lithium
chloride
(see
artifact
1998.0033.001)
.
Artifact
1998.0163.001
is
an
early
production
model
made
by
Julien
P
.
Friez
and
Sons
about
1937
.
Artifact
1998.0164.001
is
an
improved
type
with
pulsed
carrier
at
403
megahertz
, in
use
from
1942
to
1962
. This
type
of
radiosonde
is
a
transistorized
version
using
the
403
megahertz
carrier
,
used
from
1959
on. In
1975
radiosondes
were
sent
up
twice
a
day
from
96
stations
of the
National
Weather
Service
. In
addition
to the
403
megahertz
design
,
newer
types
include
hypsometers
and
automatic
wind-direction
sensing
at
1680
megahertz
.
Subject
Meteorology
;
Ballons
,
Sounding
;
Meteorograph
Keyword(s)
Air
Force
;
wind
direction
sensing
;
Meteorology
Scientific Discipline
Environment/Climate
References
L
.
F
.
Curtiss
&
A.
V
.
Astin
,
Journal
of
Aeronautical
Science
,
3
,
35
(1935).
;
H
.
Diamond
,
W
.
S
.
Hinman
and
F
.
W
.
Dunmore
, A
method
for the
investigation
of
upper-air
phenomena
and its
application
to
radio
meteorography
,
Journal
of
Research
,
National
Bureau
of
Standards
,
20
,
369
(March
1938).
;
L
.
F
.
Curtiss
, A.
V
.
Astin
,
L
.
L
.
Stockman
and
B
.
W
.
Brown
, An
improved
radio
meteorograph
on the
Olland
principle
,
Journal
of
Research
,
National
Bureau
of
Standards
,
22
,
97
(January
1939).
;
H
.
Diamond
,
W
.
S
.
Hinman
,
F
.
W
.
Dunmore
, and
E
.
G
.
Lapham
, An
improved
radiosonde
and its
performance
,
Journal
of
Research
,
National
Bureau
of
Standards
,
25
,
327
(September
1940)
.
Physical Object Description
8
x
12
x
13
cm
Inscription(s)
RADIOSONDE
SET
AN/AMT-11B
FEDERAL
STOCK
NO
.
R6660-530-0799-H035
Rights
Use
of the
images
from
NIST
Digital
Collections
is
not
restricted
, but a
statement
of
attribution
is
required
.
Please
use
the
following
attribution
statement
: "
National
Institute
of
Standards
and
Technology
Digital
Collections
,
Information
Services
Division
,
Gaithersburg
,
MD
20899
"
Accession Number
1998.0165.001
filename
1998.0165.001.jpg
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