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Transit No. 3
This transit is a surveying instrument that was apparently used by the Coast Survey (later known as the U.S. Coast & Geodetic Survey). Identified as No. 3, the transit was either made or bought by the Coast Survey in the 19th century. It is said...
NIST Museum Artifacts

Oral history interview of Emanuel Horowitz , May 25, 2006 / with David Lide, Jerome Kruger, Curt Reimann, and Harry Hertz.
Horowitz, Emanuel
Oral history interview of Emanuel Horowitz, May 25, 2006. Emanuel Horowitz first came to NBS on December 26, 1951.
NBS-NIST Oral Histories

The Thermal Conductivity of Oxygen
hot wire; oxygen; pressure; temperature; thermal conductivity; transient.
The paper presents new experimental measurements of the thermal conductivity of oxygen for thirteen isotherms at temperatures from 78 to 310 K with pressures to 70 MPa and densities from 0 to 40 mol/L. The measurements were made with a transient...
Journal of Research of NIST and Predecessor Publications

Hot-Wire Ammeter
This hot-wire ammeter was purchased in 1904 from C. Olivetti Co. of Turin with a shunt giving a range 20-100 amperes. When used without the shunt the full scale corresponds to 3.9 amperes.
NIST Museum Artifacts

Pressure Spheres as Turbulence Indicators
German engineer Ludwig Prandtl originally proposed using a sphere as an indicator of turbulence in wind tunnels by a method based on its resistance. He found considerable application for this purpose as an alternative to, and sometimes along with,...
NIST Museum Artifacts

Turbulence Measuring Apparatus
Beginning in the middle of the 1920s the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) pioneered the development of hotwire anemometry and the use of such instrumentation for the measurement of turbulence. Efforts at NBS in developing hot-wire equipment...
NIST Museum Artifacts

Oral history interview of Jon Hougen, Tuesday, February 11, 2014 / [persons present]: Jon Hougen, David Lide, Bill Gadzuk, Frank Lovas, Bill Kirchhoff.
Hougen, Jon
Oral history interview of Dr. Jon Hougen conducted on Tuesday, February 11, 2012 at the National Institute of Standards and Technology in Gaithersburg, Maryland. Dr. Hougen, a high resolution gas phase theoretical molecular spectroscopist,...
NBS-NIST Oral Histories

Oral history interview of Ralph P. Hudson, September 7, 1988 / by Karma Beal
Hudson, Ralph P.
Ralph Hudson remembers his low temperature work in the Heat Division from 1951-1980. He describes John Pellam's work on the properties of liquid helium II, the investigation of the magnetic propeties of paramagnetic salts work, his work with...
NBS-NIST Oral Histories

DNA barcode illustration
Human genome; CRISPR (Genetics)
Ever since the human genome was declared officially sequenced in 2003, scientist, doctors and the general public have been excited about what it could mean for medicine. At the center of the excitement is CRISPR, a genome-editing technique that...
Historic Images

Repeatability and reproducibility standard deviations in the measurement of trace moisture generated using permeation tubes
humidity standard; interlaboratory evaluations; measurement uncertainty; permeation-tube; repeatability; reproducibility; trace moisture measurement
Permeation-tube moisture generators are used in industry as calibrated sources of water vapor and carrier gas mixtures. Measurements were made using three permeation-tube moisture generators of the type used in the semiconductor industry. This...
Journal of Research of NIST and Predecessor Publications

Evaporated-film electric hygrometer elements.
humidity, hygrometer, evaporator, film elements, hysteresis, barium fluoride
This paper reviews the development at the National Bureau of Standards of an evaporated thin film electric hygrometer element and presents experimental data to illustrate characteristics of the element. These characteristics are explained, at least...
Journal of Research of NIST and Predecessor Publications

Oral history interview of Curtis J. Humphreys, March 5, 1981 / presented to NBS by Curtis J. Humphreys.
Humphreys, Curtis J.
Curtis J. Humphreys, Chief of the Radiometry Section during the 1940s, gives an historical account of the Spectroscopic Program covering the NBS and Corona Labs experiences. He discusses Dr. Coblentz and the inventions that revolutionized the...
NBS-NIST Oral Histories

Oral history interviews of Robert DeWitt Huntoon on October 27, 1980 and June 18, 1982.
Huntoon, Robert
Interview on Oct. 27, 1980 - Dr. Robert Huntoon, former Deputy Director of NBS under John Astin, discusses the Bureau years between 1951 and 1976. Huntoon begins his discussion with the Fuze Program during WWII and the collaborative efforts of...
NBS-NIST Oral Histories

Oral history interview of Harry D. Huskey, June, 1976 / by Christopher Evans
Huskey, Harry D.
Harry Huskey recalls that his interest in automatic computing began in 1944 while he was teaching mathematics at the Moore School, University of Pennsylvania. He became involved with the technical description of the ENIAC and eventually...
NBS-NIST Oral Histories

Infrared spectra of the hydrated borates
Hydrated borates; infrared spectra; absorption spectra; borates; boron coordination; borate anions
Infrared absorption spectra of 42 different hydrated borates were obtained in the 2000-300 cm-1 range. A few spectra were obtained between 4000 and 2000 cm-1. Most spectra are complex and cannot be interpreted satisfactorily except in the case of...
Journal of Research of NIST and Predecessor Publications

An intercomparison between NPL (India) and NIST (USA) pressure standards in the hydraulic pressure region up to 26 Mpa
hydraulic pressure; piston gauge; pressure
Results are presented of an intercomparison of pressure measurements between the National Physical Laboratory (NPL), India, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), USA, using piston gauge pressure standards over the range 6...
Journal of Research of NIST and Predecessor Publications

Ionization of hydrofluoric acid at 25 C
Hydrofluoric acid; ionization constant; lanthanum fluoride electrode; least squares procedure; potentiometric measurements
The ionization constant, K1, for the reaction HF ? H+ + F- was calculated on the basis of potentiometric measurements in the cell Ag; AgCl, CI-, F- IILaF3IINaF, HCl, H2O|KCI(Satd.), Hg2Cl2; Hg at 25 C. A least squares procedure was applied to the...
Journal of Research of NIST and Predecessor Publications

Expansion engines for hydrogen liquefiers
hydrogen liquefaction, expansion engine, Lysholm design
Criteria are developed for the practicability of expansion engines and expansion turbines in large hydrogen liquefiers. Some additional data on pertinent properties such as the sonic velocity of normal hydrogen are included. The analysis suggests...
Journal of Research of NIST and Predecessor Publications

New pulsed cold neutron beam line for fundamental nuclear physics at LANSCE
hydrogen moderator; moderator brightness; neutron capture; neutron guide; polarized neutrons; spallation neutron source
The NPDGamma collaboration has completed the construction of a pulsed cold neutron beam line on flight path12 at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE). We describe the new beam line and characteristics of the beam. We report results of the...
Journal of Research of NIST and Predecessor Publications

Thermal Expansion of Liquid Normal Hydrogen Between 18.8 and 22.2 K
hydrogen, normal; hydrogen, para; pressure, 5 to 70 bar; temperature, 18.8 to 22.2 K; thermal expansion coefficient.
The thermal expansion coefficient alpha of liquid normal hydrogen (n -H2) was measured between 18.8 and 22.2 K in the pressure range 5 to 70 bar. The results are compared with those derived from PVT measurements by others on both normal and para...
Journal of Research of NIST and Predecessor Publications

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