Formulas are here derived for the force upon the attracted disk of an absolute electrometer. These take account of the clearance between attracted disk and its guard plane, their relative displacement, and the separation of the plates. The effect...
calcium hydroxide; edge chipping; fracture resistance; human dentin; pulpectomy; teeth
An increased incidence of fracture has been reported in teeth where root canals were treated with calcium hydroxide. Edge chipping is one test used to measure the resistance of brittle materials to fracture. Presently, no studies have reported on...
atmospheric horizontal inhomogeneity, ray tracing, refractive index, atmosphere, elevation angle, value of bending, bending
The tracing of radio rays is normally carried out under the assumption that the refractive index varies only in the vertical direction. Although this assumption appears to be quite reasonable in the average or climatic sense, it is seldom satisfied...