The properties of a laser with a multihole diaphragm were both theoretically and experimentally examined. This laser may be called a multibeam laser. Laser action was observed in the optical paths which were defined by the position of the holes and...
germanium detectors; international intercomparison; national standards; optical communications; optical detectors; optical power; responsivity
We report here on a recent limited international intercomparison of responsivity scales at wavelengths of interest to the optical communications community. Participants in the comparison were the national laboratories in the United States, the...
Configuration; coordination; inorganic; linear notation; point-group; symmetry
A linear notation describing the true configuration of a coordination complex has been developed to supplement the McDonnell-Pasternack representation of the idealized configuration. Criteria for determining major deviations from the ideal...
cdma2000; CDMA (code division Multiple Access); IMT 2000; rake receiver; reverse link; third generation mobile systems (3G)
The cdma2000 system is an evolutionary enhancement of the IS-95 standards which support 3G services defined by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU). cdma2000 comes in two phases: 1XRTT and 3XRTT (1X and 3X indicates the number of 1.25...
calibration; density; standard reference material; toluene; uncertainty
The density of liquid toluene has been measured over the temperature range -60 degrees C to 200 degrees C with pressures up to 35 MPa. A two-sinker hydrostatic-balance densimeter utilizing a magnetic suspension coupling provided an absolute...
Evidence is beginning to accumulate indicating that catalytic recombination of oxygen atoms may be the mechanism of extinction of flames by halogenated extinguishing agents. The literature of flame inhibition and of oxygen atom chemistry has been...
Conceptual integrity is required for the result of data integration to be cohesive and sensible. Compromised conceptual integrity results in ""semantic faults,"" which are commonly blamed for latent integration bugs. A logical model of conceptual...
stone; building stones; Materials--Deterioration; scientific research
The NIST stone wall was built using 2,352 stones from 47 US states and 320 from 16 foreign countries. The wall is approximately 12 m long, 4 m high, 0.6 m thick at the bottom, and 0.3 m at the top. The aim of the wall construction was to study the...
cascade amplifier; low bias current amplifier; low noise FET amplifier; noise analysis; noise current; noise voltage.
We describe the design, schematics, and performance of a very low noise FET cascode input amplifier. This amplifier has noise performance of less than 1.2 nV/Hz and 0.25 fA/Hz over the 500 Hz to 50 kHz frequency range. The amplifier is presently...
centroid; Coordinate Measuring Machine; dimensional reference; medical phantom; second moment tensor; tomography
To detect the growth in lesions, it is necessary to ensure that the apparent changes in size are above the noise floor of the system. By introducing a fiducial reference, it may be possible to detect smaller changes in lesion size more reliably. We...
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); Global Positioning System (GPS); International Atomic Time (TAI); time transfer.
This paper describes a low-cost time transfer receiver that allows timing laboratories, including national metrology institutes and other designated institutions, to contribute data to the computation of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). The time...
A low-noise potentiostat, developed and built at NBS, is described. The instrument, which has built-in an ac current amplifier, is particularly suited for detecting small current fluctuations in the frequency range between 0.1 and 2000 Hz. The...
Cramped; field of values; open positive convex cone; polar decomposition; positive definite; spectrum; square matrix.
The well known theorem of Lyapunov is generalized to characterize matrices whose spectra lie in a given open convex angular sector. Related facts about positive definite matrices, the polar decomposition and matrices with cramped spectra are also...